The Most Common Loan Words in Japanese

The Most Common Loan Words in Japanese The Japanese language has obtained numerous words from outside nations, right off the bat from China as ahead of schedule as the Nara Period (710-794). Gairaigo (Ã¥ ¤â€"æ  ¥Ã¨ ªÅ¾) is the Japanese word for credit word or acquired word. Numerous Chinese words were blended into Japanese to the degree that they are not, at this point considered advance words. Most Chinese credit words are written in kanji and convey the Chinese perusing (on-perusing). Around the seventeenth century, the Japanese language started to acquire from numerous western dialects. For instance, from Portuguese, Dutch, German (particularly from the field of medication), French and Italian (as anyone might expect many are from the fields of workmanship, music, and food), and the greater part of all, English. Today, English is the root of most current advance words.​ The Japanese utilize English words to communicate ideas for which they have no counterparts. In any case, a few people just want to utilize English articulations for all intents and purposes or on the grounds that it is trendy. Truth be told, many credit words have existing equivalents in Japanese. For instance, the Japanese word for business is shoubai 商å £ ², however the credit word bijinesu ãÆ'ã‚ ¸Ã£Æ' Ã£â€š ¹ is likewise utilized. Another model is gyuunyuu 牛ä ¹ ³(Japanese word) and miruku ãÆ'ÿãÆ' «Ã£â€š ¯(loan word) for milk. Advance words are commonly written in katakana, with the exception of the ones of Chinese inception. They are articulated utilizing Japanese elocution rules and Japanese syllables. Consequently, they end up very unique in relation to the first articulation. This makes it difficult to perceive the first remote word. Many credit words are frequently shortened in manners they wouldnt get contracted in their unique language. Instances of Loan Words Maiku ãÆ'žã‚ ¤Ã£â€š ¯ microphoneSuupaa ã‚ ¹Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ''ãÆ' ¼ supermarketDepaato ãÆ'‡ãÆ''ãÆ' ¼Ã£Æ'ˆ - division storeBiru ãÆ'ãÆ' « buildingIrasuto ã‚ ¤Ã£Æ' ©Ã£â€š ¹Ã£Æ'ˆ illustrationMeeku ãÆ' ¡Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£â€š ¯ make-upDaiya ãÆ'€ã‚ ¤Ã£Æ' ¤ jewel Numerous words are likewise abbreviated, frequently to four syllables. Pasokon ãÆ''ã‚ ½Ã£â€š ³Ã£Æ' ³ individual computerWaapuro ãÆ' ¯Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ'â€"ãÆ' ­ word processorAmefuto ã‚ ¢Ã£Æ' ¡Ã£Æ'•ãÆ'ˆ American footballPuroresu ãÆ'â€"ãÆ' ­Ã£Æ' ¬Ã£â€š ¹ proficient wrestlingKonbini ã‚ ³Ã£Æ' ³Ã£Æ'ãÆ'‹ comfort storeEakon ã‚ ¨Ã£â€š ¢Ã£â€š ³Ã£Æ' ³ air conditioningMasukomi ãÆ'žã‚ ¹Ã£â€š ³Ã£Æ'ÿ broad communications (from mass correspondence) A credit word can be generative. It might be joined with Japanese or different loanwords. Here are a few models. Shouene çÅ" Ã£â€š ¨Ã£Æ'  vitality savingShokupan é £Ã¿Ã£Æ''ãÆ' ³ portion of breadKeitora è » ½Ã£Æ'ˆãÆ' © light business truckNatsumero 㠁 ªÃ£  ¤Ã£Æ' ¡Ã£Æ' ­ a once-mainstream tune Credit words are regularly consolidated into Japanese as things. At the point when they are joined with suru, it changes the word into an action word. The action word suru (to do) has many expanded employments. Doraibu suru ãÆ'‰ãÆ' ©Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ'â€"㠁™ã‚‹ to driveKisu suru ã‚ ­Ã£â€š ¹Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ to kissNokku suru ãÆ'žãÆ'Æ'ã‚ ¯Ã£ â„¢Ã£â€šâ€¹ to knockTaipu suru ã‚ ¿Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ'â€"㠁™ã‚‹ to type There are likewise advance words that are really made in Japan. For instance, sarariiman ã‚ µÃ£Æ' ©Ã£Æ' ªÃ£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ'žãÆ' ³(salary man) alludes to somebody whose pay is compensation base, by and large the individuals work for companies. Another model, naitaa ãÆ'šã‚ ¤Ã£â€š ¿Ã£Æ' ¼, originates from the English word night followed by ~er, implies ball games played around evening time. Regular Loan Words Arubaito ã‚ ¢Ã£Æ' «Ã£Æ' Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ'ˆ low maintenance work (from German arbeit)Enjin ã‚ ¨Ã£Æ' ³Ã£â€š ¸Ã£Æ' ³ engineGamu ã‚ ¬Ã£Æ' biting gumKamera ã‚ «Ã£Æ' ¡Ã£Æ' © cameraGarasu ã‚ ¬Ã£Æ' ©Ã£â€š ¹ glassKarendaa ã‚ «Ã£Æ' ¬Ã£Æ' ³Ã£Æ'ۋÆ' ¼ calendarTerebi ãÆ'†ãÆ' ¬Ã£Æ' televisionHoteru ãÆ'݋Æ'†ãÆ' « hotelResutoran ãÆ' ¬Ã£â€š ¹Ã£Æ'ˆãÆ' ©Ã£Æ' ³ restaurantTonneru ãÆ'ˆãÆ' ³Ã£Æ' Ã£Æ' « tunnelMacchi ãÆ'žãÆ'Æ'ãÆ'  matchMishin ãÆ'ÿã‚ ·Ã£Æ' ³ sewing machineRuuru ãÆ' «Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ' « ruleReji ãÆ' ¬Ã£â€š ¸ money registerWaishatsu ãÆ' ¯Ã£â€š ¤Ã£â€š ·Ã£Æ' £Ã£Æ'„ strong shaded dress shirt (from white shirt)Baa ãÆ' Ã£Æ' ¼ barSutairu ã‚ ¹Ã£â€š ¿Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ' « styleSutoorii ã‚ ¹Ã£Æ'ˆãÆ' ¼Ã£Æ' ªÃ£Æ' ¼ storySumaato ã‚ ¹Ã£Æ'žãÆ' ¼Ã£Æ'ˆ smartAidoru ã‚ ¢Ã£â€š ¤Ã£Æ'‰ãÆ' « symbol, pop starAisukuriimu ã‚ ¢Ã£â€š ¤Ã£â€š ¹Ã£â€š ¯Ã£Æ' ªÃ£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ' ice creamAnime ã‚ ¢Ã£Æ'‹ãÆ' ¡ animationAnkeeto ã‚ ¢Ã£Æ' ³Ã£â€š ±Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£Æ'ˆ poll, stud y (from French enquete)Baagen ãÆ' Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£â€š ²Ã£Æ' ³ a deal at store (from bargain)Bataa ãÆ' Ã£â€š ¿Ã£Æ' ¼ butterBiiru ãÆ'ãÆ' ¼Ã£Æ' « lager (from Dutch bier)Booru pen ãÆ'Å"ãÆ' ¼Ã£Æ' «Ã£Æ'šãÆ' ³ ballpoint penDorama ãÆ'‰ãÆ' ©Ã£Æ'ž TV dramaErebeetaa ã‚ ¨Ã£Æ' ¬Ã£Æ'™ãÆ' ¼Ã£â€š ¿Ã£Æ' ¼ elevatorFurai ãÆ'•ãÆ' ©Ã£â€š ¤ profound fryingFuronto ãÆ'•ãÆ' ­Ã£Æ' ³Ã£Æ'ˆ the gathering deskGomu ã‚'ãÆ' elastic band (from Dutch gom)Handoru ãÆ' Ã£Æ' ³Ã£Æ'‰ãÆ' « handleHankachi ãÆ' Ã£Æ' ³Ã£â€š «Ã£Æ'  hanky Imeeji ã‚ ¤Ã£Æ' ¡Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£â€š ¸ imagejuusu ã‚ ¸Ã£Æ' ¥Ã£Æ' ¼Ã£â€š ¹ juicekokku ã‚ ³Ã£Æ'Æ'ã‚ ¯ cook (from Dutch kok) Nationality is communicated by including jin ä º º, which actually implies individual, after the nation name. Amerika-jin ã‚ ¢Ã£Æ' ¡Ã£Æ' ªÃ£â€š «Ã¤ º º AmericanItaria-jin ã‚ ¤Ã£â€š ¿Ã£Æ' ªÃ£â€š ¢Ã¤ º º ItalianOranda-jin ã‚ ªÃ£Æ' ©Ã£Æ' ³Ã£Æ'ۊ º º DutchKanada-jin ã‚ «Ã£Æ'šãÆ'ۊ º º-CanadianSupein-jin ã‚ ¹Ã£Æ'šã‚ ¤Ã£Æ' ³Ã¤ º º SpanishDoitsu-jin ãÆ'‰ã‚ ¤Ã£Æ'„ä º º GermanyFuransu-jin ãÆ'•ãÆ' ©Ã£Æ' ³Ã£â€š ¹Ã¤ º º French

Kolb Model

Goodbye Motors’ Singur Case (Nano Controversy) Introduction I have taken the case on Tata Motors Ltd. The case was about on the Tata Nano Singur Controversy. This debate alludes to the Tata’s Nano Factory at Singur in Hooghly region in West Bengal, India. Since Tata Motors Started building the processing plant over yonder in Singur, the little spot comes into the media around the world. Goodbye Motors turned over this processing plant to fabricate 25000 vehicles right off the bat. The plans of Tata Motors were that Nano will come out from the plant by 2008 for revealing the streets. Goodbye Motors Ltd. s the biggest Indian vehicle organization having the incomes of USD 20 billion out of 2009-10. Goodbye Motors is the pioneer in the assembling of business vehicles. It is among the main three in the traveler vehicle and furthermore in mid vehicle fragment. The association remains at number four in truck fabricating worldwide and remains at number two in transport producin g. The complete workforce of Tata Motors overall is close around 24000 representatives. Goodbye Motors built up in 1945, Tata Motors is available over the India and even worldwide as they have gained the two brands of Ford Motors.The all out amount of the vehicles which turning out on Indian streets by Tata Motors are close around 6 million. The organization has its assembling units all over the India I. e. Jamshedpur, Pune, Lucknow, Pantnagar and Karnataka. In 2005, Tata Motors set the partnership with Fiat Motors at Ranjangaon, Maharashtra to create bith Fiat and Tata vehicles. The organization is likewise building up the new assembling unit at Sanand( Gujrat). The organization has a decent vendor arrange in India. Conceptual The debate of Tata Motors was because of Land Acquisition at Singur for its Nano Project 4 years back. The Tata Motors have the fantasy to run a Rs. lakh vehicle on Indian streets. In 2006, the CM of West Bengal Mr. Bhuddadeb Bhattacharjee’s vision was to make the West Bengal an industrialized state with the goal that it can contrast with different states in India in industrialization. As the land in Singur was not all that productive, so the legislature had chosen to offer it to Tata Motors for the Nano Project, with the goal that the state will receive advantage in return. In any case, the restriction had the consistently eye on this issue, they don't need that the poor farmers’ land will be taken from them under the administration tension. The political variables come into the image against this venture at Singur.The resistance was playing with the feelings of the ranchers. The resistance put the contentions that the land is rare asset in the West Bengal. The resistance doesn't need that the undertaking will begin here and it will wind up at its planned time. The resistance got effective in its tasks for the Tata Motors lastly Supreme Court asked the Ratan Tata to throw out their plant from the Singur. The primary indiv idual behind this was Ms. Mamta Benerjee, she was fanning the fire consistently at the hour of issue. In this way, toward the end Tata Motors have halted its tasks and proceeded to the spot in Gujrat. Similar AnalysisThe relative examination can be characterized regarding issues of the case and their profundity investigation from the perspective of partners. It tends to be clarify as far as some outside powers which assume significant job in this issue as given beneath: First of all for this situation, lawful angles in the land securing by Tata at Singur come into the play. Because of globalization, the vast majority of the creating nations need to have the move from import replacement based system for the land securing. SEZ I. e. uncommon monetary zones are the geological locales which have the financial laws more liberal than the monetary laws in the entire country.By offering the all these advantaged terms from the SEZ to the organization, it will pull in the venture from the spe culators, outside trade, support the business and improving the framework offices which will help in the development of the specific area. A similar explanation was here for the situation moreover. Goodbye need to improve the industrialization in the West Bengal however their Nano Project. As the Nano venture will be gainful for the two gatherings, Tata will get the ideal spot for the assembling of the Nano and West Bengal will likewise benefited.In this case, the fundamental issue was that Industry, government and agribusiness comes at the junction. There are such a large number of suggestions for the outer components which come into this image. As CPI had won the political race for the seventh sequential time in West Bengal, CM Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee has the vision to make the West Bengal an industrialized state which will assist the individuals with upgrading their norms. CM was exceptionally upbeat that legislature has suggested the Singur for the Nano Plant. As Ratan Tata was searching for where he would ready to control the expense and spot would be modest so he can give the individuals the vehicle of worth Rs. lakh. In this way, Ratan Tata acknowledges the proposition from the West Bengal government in light of the fact that at Singur the expense of its activity would be less and Tata will receive profited in return. The measurable information of Hooghly locale on Singur square is that 83% of the land is watered and crop thickness is 220%. The landholders in the Singur were extremely little. All have the land in the little extents. There are an enormous number of vagrant specialists over yonder; it infers that Tata would get the modest and simple work over yonder in the Singur.On May 18, 2006, there was the declaration by the West Bengal government for the start of the undertaking at Singur. Ratan Tata guarantee to finish the undertaking in 2 years. The entire task was spread into 2 sections, one section having the place where there is 700 sections of land and another piece of 300 sections of land which was saved for the subordinate creation for the undertaking. The venture has made the 10,000 immediate and circuitous occupations over yonder in Singur. On Jun 19th2006, Tata got a warning from the administration under the segment 9(1) of land Acquisition Act of 1894 to the influenced ranchers because of this project.The Act referenced that the land procured by Tata should have been taken by the administration/government experts for the open purposes, business age and financial advancement of the state. After some time on Jul 27, 2006 the state government sets the a half year cutoff time for procuring the land. After that this land procurement got tested by the Kolkata High Court. A few people in the Singur got their checks for the remuneration from the administration as they challenge the legislature for the checks. After that there is state wide brutality in the Singur began.The observing fighting beginnings in the Singur. Ms. Ma mta Banerjee started to lead the pack for the restriction of the task. On 22th Jan, 2007 there were close about the 1000 watchmen masterminded Tata Motors’ plant to spare it from the fighting individuals upon the arrival of Bhoomi Pujan. There are the individuals from the all pieces of the general public come in the Singur to fight this development. On fourth Feb’07, HC gave a prohibitory request under the area 144 Cr at Singur and report that it was the main utilization of intensity and preposterous limited practices by the administration authorities.After a few days, the legislature requested the document a sworn statement which will show all the subtleties for the legitimateness of the land securing by the Tata Motors at Singur. Here comes the issue whether land gain however under the two distinctive segment of land securing act 1894, it got coordinated towards the ranchers who get the remuneration from the administration. Subsequent to playing with government, at l ong last Tata got the endorsement for the plant on March, 07. The administration consented to an arrangement to rent the 949. 5 sections of land to the Tata Motors for 90 years.After some time, government felt that a supporter committed a few errors and a similar case got recorded once more, government found that solitary 30% of the ranchers marked readily but then others don't need. The state government conceded that Till April 25, 07 just Rs. 90. 35 crores have disseminated and rest the individuals are left undistributed the cash where as their property had just procured. In the in the interim the Nano got uncovered in Delhi’s pragati Maidan on Jan10, 08. On Jan 18, 10, Calcutta High Court fixed the land obtaining in Singur and requested that the Tata reveal the Nano without finishing the project.The Chief Justice excuse the all the 11petitions recorded by the Tata. Goodbye has not paid the individuals which are CPI(M) upheld. Presently there are cpnditions got basic and Ra tan Tata choose to reveal the venture from the Singur on Oct 3, 08 because of stressed over the security worry of the Mangers and their families over yonder. Suggestions on Stakeholders The partner impacts the case a great deal from the perspective of their better place in the association. The ramifications of the considerable number of partners are given underneath: Tatas Prospective Investors Ancillary Units Competitor to Nano Farmers Stakeholders WB Government EmployeesMamta Banarjee Different Stakeholder Values The essential partners for the Tata venture were Tatas, legislature of west Bengal and ranchers. The administration assumes a basic job in pulling out the venture by Tatas. Mamta Banerjee played with the feelings of the Farmers by making them touched off for the resistance of this task. Each partner thinks from its forthcoming of getting the advantage out of this issue. Discussing the ranchers, as they right off the bat convinced for the land procurement yet they were con tradicting it on the grounds that because of increment in the land costs as they are requesting now the significant expenses for their land.As the West Bengal is an agribusiness state, there is an absence of industrialization in the West Bengal. The issue was taken up by the restriction because of this factor too. The fundamental pretended by the Mamata Banerjee by taking the assistance of political and government issues which are absolutely outer, couldn't ready to deal with by Tatas. The definition of Tata-Singur case is a lot of dubious. There are as well

Ob Effective Communication

Association Behavior Case study: Bridging The Two Worlds †The Organizational Dilemma What are the hindrances to compelling correspondences in Aluminum Elements Corp and how were they tended to? What might you do another way? GSM 5101 Organizational Behavior Page 2 1. 0 INTRODUCTION Communication alludes to the procedure where data is transmitted and comprehended between at least two individuals. The word â€Å"understood† is underlined in light of the fact that the transmitting of the sender's significance to others is the pith of good communication.In the model of correspondence, there are different channels and boundaries (clamor) that can turn into the elements of correspondence viability. 1. 1 Introduction to correspondence Figure 1 Communication Model Figure 1 alludes to the correspondence model. Right off the bat, correspondence begins when a sender has a message which he expects to send to the collector. The sender will encode the message and transmit the message. In this procedure, sender will pick the channel of GSM 5101 Organizational Behavior Page 3 correspondence through which the message is sent to the receiver.These channels may incorporate voice, non-verbal communication, the online life, electronic devices, etc. Be that as it may, ‘noise’ may happen during the transmission of message and this can become hindrances to the correspondence. These obstructions can be mental, social or auxiliary and can influence the lucidity of the planned message. At the point when the recipient gets the message from the sender, he will translate the message so as to get it. On the off chance that the collector wishes to react the message, a similar correspondence procedure will happen. In any case, the ‘noise’ will contrarily influence the importance of the passed on message. . 2 Case synopsis The case depicts the experience of William Todorovic who was simply named as the director of AEC's client care gathering. All the more e xplicitly, this case depicts the correspondence issue that existed between various divisions in AEC I. e. the organization the executives, office staffs, and shop floor laborers. Right off the bat, the shop floor laborers gave off an impression of being less cordial with the workplace staff and the organization the executives since they felt that both the workplace staff and friends the executives couldn't care less about their emotions and opinions.This can be found in the manner the administration prohibited the shop floor laborers in the day by day creation meeting, and the way that the administration have their own different break rooms, washrooms, and appreciate different advantages that the shop floor laborers don't have. These appeared to have adversely influenced the connection between the floor laborers and the workplace staff. Other than that, the correspondence between the top administration and the shop floor laborers was likewise not so much effective.William's boss, Ge orge, for instance, don't prefer to go up against one of the shop floor specialist, John, straightforwardly, and rather, he sent a long reminder to John that was hard for him to comprehend. Another machine specialist, Tony, has certain thoughts regarding the workplace staffs. He believed that the workplace staffs just thought about calendars yet not the shop floor laborers. GSM 5101 Organizational Behavior Page 4 William was attempting to address these issues by tuning in to the shop floor laborers and attempt to comprehend their solicitations and demands.This appeared to have a constructive outcome whereby, the representatives got more amicable and started to acknowledge William as one of their own. Individuals from different divisions additionally started to depend on him to convey messages to the shop floor laborers. In the mean time, John has made a huge commitment in the improvement of the booking work on the one identified with the aluminum slitter. William had made this known to George, his boss. William has likewise proposed that they should grant a type of advancement to John. George concluded that John ought to go to an administration abilities workshop which implied that John he would promoted.However, John misconstrued the choice by George and felt that the administration didn't welcome the outcome since they sent him to a class to improve his exhibition. He was extremely disturbed and prepared to stop from AEC. 2. 0 BARRIERS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATIONS IN AEC Effective correspondence is a sharing procedure which includes the main party communicating something specific that can be effortlessly comprehended by to the subsequent party. Notwithstanding, there are a few obstructions that may impact the adequacy of correspondence which may bring about misconception or misinterpretation.In the contextual analysis of AEC, William Todorovic has found a few hindrances to the powerful correspondence between the workers in the association. 2. 1 Imperfect Perc eption There were various observations between the administration and the floor staff. For instance, the floor staff imagined that the administration were uninformed of the issues at the floor and were too egotistical that they just thought about their calendars, giving requests and setting expectations. GSM 5101 Organizational Behavior Page 5 As for the administration, they felt that they didn't have anything to gain from floor employees.Such observation has made them barely comprehend the genuine procedure in completing requests and this has made a hole between the administration and the floor staff. 2. 2 Poor choice of medium to impart Choosing the correct medium or channel for correspondence may influence the viability of the transmitted message In AEC, the administration has utilized reminders to speak with the shop floor representatives. This was truth be told, a single direction correspondence on the grounds that after the update was conveyed no further explanation was made b y the administration, and no criticism was acquired from the shop floor employees.This implies that the administration would not know whether the staff really comprehended what they were required to convey. As should be obvious, George was really amazed when he discovered that John was disturbed when he got the update following his achievement. The last misjudged the goal in light of the fact that the medium utilized in this correspondence was generally used to convey ‘bad news’. William additionally found that shop floor representatives were not acclimated with conversing with the administration and office staffs.This was on the grounds that, any verbal correspondence that happened between them would be single direction and comprising of requests and request by the administration. Besides, shop floor workers have not been welcome to join the every day creation meeting except if there was a particular issue that requires their participation. This is additionally a sort of one way correspondence in light of the fact that the administration didn't â€Å"hear† the main problems from the creation. Truth be told, the creation meeting was held without the creation individuals. GSM 5101 Organizational Behavior Page 6 2. 3 Information overloadEach individuals have certain degree of data process limit which is the measure of data they can process in a fixed unit of time. At the point when the data a recipient got is more that his procedure limit can hold, he may misjudge the message from the sender. For instance for the situation study, William found that John discovered George terrible on the grounds that George consistently composed long and complex notices to shop floor representatives. John couldn't comprehend the notice due to the data over-burden in the notice. 2. 4 Work space configuration Work space is another correspondence hindrance in the AEC organization.As showed for the situation study, the lounges and washrooms offices were solely for the administration and the workplace staff. Such work space plans didn't empower both shop floor representatives and the administration ; office staffs to blend with one another. This clarifies why the representatives were astonished when they saw William, their director, not eating in the workplace break room. 3. 0 HOW THE BARRIERS WERE ADDRESSED After William comprehended the issue between the administration and shop floor representatives, he came out with certain answers for defeat the problems.Below are the activities taken by William in attempting to tackle the issues. 3. 1 Mingling with shop floor laborers In request to address the hindrances of correspondence in AEC, William had invested more energy blending with the floor representatives. He generally had his lunch at the lunch region at the floor. GSM 5101 Organizational Behavior Page 7 William likewise visited the shop floor as often as possible. This was on the grounds that thusly, he had the option to converse with the floor representatives and offer their perspectives and issues. In a roundabout way, William could find the genuine circumstance in the association from that department.Besides that, William has permitted the shop floor representative, I. e. John to settle on the planning of occupations. Being an encounter aluminum slitter, John presumably knew better on the tasks of the floor work. This was confirm through his proposal that William was have the option to diminish the new work request turnaround from four to five weeks to a solitary day His activities have empowered two-way correspondence which assisted with improving correspondence viability between the administration and the shop floor laborers. 3. 2 William as a messengerWhen the connection among William and the shop floor laborers turned out to be nearer, the staff from different divisions came up to him and requested that he transfer messages to the shop representatives. This was on the grounds that William talked the equivalent â€Å"language† with them. From that point forward, William turned into the â€Å"middle man† between the administration/office laborers and the shop floor laborers. This methodology could improve the viability of correspondence on the grounds that the solicitations from the administration could be transmitted to the shop floor laborers through William. LimitationsHowever, there are a few of confinements in utilizing an errand person as a channel of correspondence between the two gatherings. Right off the bat, William’s occupation will be over-burden since individuals from different offices depended on him to hand-off messages to the shop floor representatives. Other than that, William may transmit an inappropriate message to shop floor representatives on the off chance that he didn't comprehend the message well. Also

The GMAT Tutor No Need to Split the Atom

Dr. Manhattan doesn't have to take the GMAT, because he is an omnipotent superbeing. But you are not an omnipotent superbeing, so pay attention. Among the first things that any GMAT test taker learns is the importance of choosing numbers to replace variables in problems that have variables in the answer choices. This has become GMAT conventional wisdom for good reason – it’s quite sound advice. In most cases, the best number to pick as a base is 100. To see why, just look at any GMAT problem that asks you to examine the relationship between a percent change and an absolute value change. For instance, if you need to know the new price of a sweater that has gone up by 20 percent, only to go down by 10 percent shortly thereafter, imagining that it started at a nice even $100 makes the number-crunching far faster and more straightforward than does some equation based on a base of x and subsequent percentage or fractional changes to x. The next thing most test-takers learn is that 100 isn’t always a great number to choose. For instance, in a question about a stadium with an unknown number of seats, a setup that mentions that 2/3 of seats are in the upper deck, and 1/3 in the lower deck, lends itself really nicely to a multiple of 3 as the chosen number to replace a variable for the overall stadium seat count. What many test-takers don’t stop to appreciate, though, is that in many number-properties questions – especially ones that contain strong words like MUST or CANNOT – a test-taker can choose any number that meets the stated conditions in order to start eliminating answer choices. Once eliminations have been made, there is no need to look back or to overthink these – a single counter-example is enough. For instance, let’s say you came across a test question that looked like this: Which of the following CANNOT be true for a number x that has a remainder of 4 when divided by 11? x is odd x is divisible by 3 x is divisible by 5 (A) Statement I only. (B) Statements I and II only. (C) Statements II and III only. (D) Statement III only. (E) None of the above. When you encounter a problem with the word CANNOT in the set-up, instantly think about the process of elimination – after all, one single instance of â€Å"can† will instantly allow you to take some answer choices off the proverbial table. For this particular problem, start with the most obvious answer choice possible – 15 (for ANY problem with a set-up similar to this, just add the divisor and the remainder to find the easiest number to test). Now that you’ve got 15, you can eliminate all the answer choices very quickly. Select (E), confirm your answer, and move on to something more challenging! Too many times, GMAT students come across set-ups like this and waste valuable time testing additional numbers against the conditions of the problem. Whether because of nerves, or because of unfamiliarity with the CANNOT and MUST question types, students who can solve these sorts of questions in fewer than 20 seconds wind up spinning their wheels for as long as two minutes by trying to derive complicated mathematical rules on the spot, or by testing a huge list of possible numbers. If you’re struggling, consider spending some time with a Cambridge Coaching GMAT tutor in New York, Boston, or online; we can help you cut the fat from your answer strategies, and ensure that you’re not just working harder, you’re working smarter. ;

What Is Algebra and Why Is It Necessary

Simply put, algebra is about finding the unknown or putting real life variables into equations and then solving them. Unfortunately, many textbooks go straight to the rules, procedures, and formulas, forgetting that these are real life problems being solved and skipping the explanation of algebra at its core: using symbols to represent variables and missing factors in equations and manipulating them in such a way to arrive at a solution. Algebra is a  branch of mathematics that substitutes letters for numbers, and an algebraic equation represents a scale where what is done on one side of the scale is also done to the other side of the scale and the  numbers act as constants. Algebra can include real numbers, complex numbers, matrices, vectors, and many more forms of mathematic representation. The field of algebra can be further broken into basic concepts known as elementary algebra or the more abstract study of numbers and equations known as abstract algebra, where the former is used in most mathematics, science, economics, medicine, and engineering while the latter is mostly used only in advanced mathematics. Practical Application of Elementary Algebra Elementary algebra is taught in all United States schools beginning between the seventh and ninth grades and continuing well into high school and even college. This subject is widely used in many fields including medicine and accounting, but can also be used for everyday problem solving when it comes to unknown variables in mathematical equations. One such practical use of algebra would be if you were trying to determine how many balloons you started the day with if you sold 37 but still had 13 remaining. The algebraic equation for this problem would be x - 37 13 where the number of balloons you started with is represented by x, the unknown we are trying to solve. The goal in algebra is to find out the unknown and in order to  do so in this example, you would manipulate the scale of the equation to isolate x on one side of the scale by adding 37 to both sides, resulting in an equation of x 50 meaning that you started the day with 50 balloons if you had 13 after selling 37 of them. Why Algebra Matters Even if you dont think youll need algebra outside of the hallowed halls of your average high school, managing budgets, paying bills, and even determining health care costs and planning for future investments will require a basic understanding of algebra. Along with developing critical thinking, specifically logic, patterns, problem-solving, deductive and inductive reasoning, understanding the core concepts of algebra can help individuals better handle complex problems involving numbers, especially as they enter the workplace where real life scenarios of unknown variables related to expenses and profits require employees to use algebraic equations to determine the missing factors. Ultimately, the more a person knows about math, the greater the opportunity for that individual to succeed in the engineering, actuary, physics, programming, or any other tech-related field, and algebra and other higher maths are typically required courses for entrance to most colleges and universities.

Country Music The Image and the Reality Essay - 1950 Words

Sunday after church, on a quiet balmy summer day, dinner is fresh, hot, and ready for immaculate consumption. After clearing the table, the men adjourn to the front porch to talk politics, church, and relax after a long week of satisfying the burdensome requirements of familial responsibilities. After all, what man is there who would not rather be fishing? The women, on the other hand, scurry in the kitchen, do the dishes, clean up, and put things away; while repeating the local gossip about who is seeing who; who should and who should not be marrying who. These images may appear out of Norman Rockwell or Mayberry R.F.D. U.S.A., but they are the images the American country music industry and fans envision of themselves. These perceptions†¦show more content†¦The enemies of Christianity were those who indulged in, or condoned, dancing, card-playing, gambling, circuses, swearing, theater-going, billiards, baseball, low-cut dresses, society balls, novel reading, social climbi ng, prostitution and, above all else, drinking alcoholic beverages. (Emphasis added) Eventually, Ryman, an extremely wealthy individual; was persuaded to build a meetinghouse where church activities could be commonplace. In 1891, a new venue was erected and named the Union Gospel Tabernacle. The building, with its upper deck (originally called The Confederate Gallery) was completed in 1897 and seated 2362 people via church pews. After the death of Ryman in 1904, the management of the meetinghouse was turned over to Mrs. Lula Naff. The Tennesee State Library and Archives website reports: The Ryman’s classical music and theatrical glory days were conducted under the tutelage of Mrs. Lula Naff. During Naff’s tenure between 1904 and 1955, the legendary theater manager brought such luminaries as Sarah Bernhardt, Enrico Caruso, and Marian Anderson to the Ryman stage. (emphasis added) It seems somewhat strange that the messages of Evangelist Jones, who preached against theatre and dancing would be so quickly ignored after Ryman’s death. This transition, however, set the stage for the success the auditorium would enjoy later. By 1925, a new invention was sweeping the nation. That new devise was calledShow MoreRelatedEssay Robert Altmans Nashville777 Words   |  4 Pagesmovie Nashville is based on the political, social, and personal problems that our country has to deal with. These problems are rooted in the battle between the need to create some false image of success and the need for truth which is the struggle that exists in every character of this film (except Jeff Goldbloom). 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ItsRead MoreThe Museum Is A Great Education Tool Of World War I944 Words   |  4 PagesGreat War was to remember and appreciate the soldiers, men and women who served in World War 1. There was so many visual images all around the Museum that gave a better mind picture of how it was during the war. For example, the scenes of life size trenches and crater, pictures during the war, different types of clothing each country wore, Reflection room with World War 1-era music, etc. Overall, the museum is a great education tool of World War 1. The museum on the whole helped me to understand the

War And Its Costs World War One free essay sample

War And Its Costss: World War One Essay, Research Paper World War One was said to be # 8220 ; the war to stop all wars, # 8221 ; little did the people know that that was traveling to be proven incorrect 19 subsequently. The perceptual experience of war was clearly misstated to new recruits. Both supporters in both books thought the war was merely a clip to turn out yourself and contend for your state, little did they know that the point of them being in the war was to learn them how to remain alive. Paul Baumer, the supporter in # 8220 ; All Quiet on the Western Front, # 8221 ; got usage to the war and his companions better so Robert Ross, the supporter in # 8220 ; The Wars, # 8221 ; did. The storytellers of both books describe the war land rather vividly and rather likewise. Receiving a misconception of war was precisely what Paul Baumer and Robert Ross had received before enlisting into the ground forces. 1Paul # 8217 ; s teacher lectured the pupils in Paul # 8217 ; s category about enlisting into the German ground forces. He gives the pupils a long address about how they shouldn # 8217 ; t be larning, they should be out in the trenches contending for their state. What he fails to make is learn the pupils about the down side of contending for your state. Once Paul enlists into the ground forces and is out at that place on the forepart, Katczinsky tells him that in the war they are non contending for their state, but contending to remain alive. His instructor besides failed to state them of how they would experience when they killed another human being. When Paul landed in a trench and a soldier from the opposing side had fallen into the trench with him, Paul did non waver to knife the adult male. After he had stayed in the trench with the half-dead soldier, Paul made promises to the soldier. 2 # 8220 ; Comrade, I did non desire to kill you # 8230 ; You were merely an thought to m e before, an abstraction that lived in my head and called Forth its appropriate response. It was that abstraction I stabbed # 8230 ; Forgive me, companion. We ever see it excessively tardily. Why do they neer tell us that you are hapless Satans like us # 8230 ; that we have the same fright of decease, and the same death and the same torment # 8212 ; Forgive me, comrade ; how could you be my enemy? If we threw away these rifles and this uniform you could be my brother merely like Kat # 8230 ; # 8221 ; His instructor did non learn this sudden understanding that Paul displays. Paul told Katczinsky what had happened and Katczinsky related to the affair by stating that everyone goes through it their first clip. Robert had gone through a different misconception of war. 3Robert # 8217 ; s sister Rowena was crippled so Robert ever hung around with her to hearten her up ; they were best friends. One twenty-four hours when Robert was out Rowena fell when she wasn # 8217 ; t being watched and died. This was the concluding draw and Robert decided that the last thing left for him to make was to go forth his household and travel to war. Robert enlisted into the ground forces. Robert didn # 8217 ; t truly cognize what he was making, merely that there was a war traveling on and he was traveling to be portion of it. Unlike Paul, Robert wasn # 8217 ; t truly taught anything about the war, he merely figured it was off out of the existent universe. Throughout the full book Paul shows a drastic alteration in his attitude towards his pre-enlistment society as oppose to his fellow companions in the ground forces. At first Paul seems to take the advice of his instructor and parents by enlisting into the ground forces. He described his instructor # 8217 ; s persuasion to acquire his pupils to enlist into the ground forces by stating, 4 # 8220 ; give uping our single personalities more wholly so we would of all time hold believed possible even in the most bootlicking errand male child. Saluting, eyes front # 8230 ; we had imagined that our undertaking would be instead different from all this, but we discovered that we were being trained to be heroes, the manner they train circus Equus caballuss, and we rapidly got used to it. # 8221 ; This proves that Paul got use to the ground forces rather easy. At another point of the book, Paul notices that he can non pass on with the people he grew up with. When Paul returns place he goes to talk to his female parent, but he realizes that they have nil to state to each other, 5 # 8220 ; We say really small, and I am grateful that she asks nothing. # 8221 ; But eventually she speaks, # 8220 ; Was it really bad out at that place, Paul? # 8221 ; # 8220 ; Mother, what should I reply to that? You would non understand, you could neer recognize it. And you neer shall recognize it. Was it bad you inquire? You, mother, I shake my caput and say: # 8220 ; No, mother, non so really. There are ever a batch of us together so it isn # 8217 ; t so bad. # 8221 ; In this portion Paul is believing to him self and so tells his female parent a prevarication that everything is all right. He does this to protect his female parent from hearing about the inhumane conditions from which he has merely returned. 6In another scene Paul was trapped in a trench and started to panic. Once he had heard the voices of his companions he had settled down believing that everything was all right. Robert # 8217 ; s hitch to the war was a pick made all by him self. Robert seemed to acquire usage to the idea of being a soldier but remained more relaxed. He led his life as though he was out of the war. He made it look as though the war was merely a background and a minor complication in his life. He kept speaking to his parents and he perused to love Barbara D # 8217 ; Orsey. 7He met her while he was on leave after being injured on the forepart and maintaining an oculus out for his practically dead friend, Harris. Robert besides had clip to do friends on his ocean trip during the war. He described his narrative as if there was no war traveling on. 8In the beginning of the book him and a few companions went to a brothel. This was traveling to be Robert # 8217 ; s first clip holding slept with a adult female. Robert didn # 8217 ; t want to travel in but had to so he could suit in with the other work forces. The cocotte had realized this was traveling to be his first clip by his silence and by the manner that he ejaculated before he was even touched. This seemed to be a portion of the book merely to demo how immature Robert was and how he tried to suit in. 9Paul # 8217 ; s description of the cemetery scene seems to be symbolic and besides a really thorough description. Near the terminal of the book the allied forces attacked a cemetery in which Germans were go throughing through. This was right before Paul got trapped in the trench where he killed the soldier from the opposing side. In one case of that scene Paul says, # 8220 ; I am contending a loony baffled conflict. I want to acquire out of my hollow in the land but I keep on stealing back in. # 8221 ; Paul is merely depicting what the trench seems like and what is traveling on around him and to follow that he besides says, # 8220 ; The machine guns are rattling off. I know that barbed wire webs are steadfast and reasonably good undamaged # 8230 ; They aren # 8217 ; t acquiring through. They # 8217 ; ll have to turn back. # 8221 ; Paul chiefly describes the things traveling on around him in the war, such as the heavy weapon, barbed wires, and the soldiers. Robert # 8217 ; s portraiture of the war was rather conceivable. 10In one portion of the book Robert and his work forces are on their manner to a meeting point with their Equus caballuss. Robert took a incorrect bend and went through a butch. A butch is like speedy sand filled with gases. Robert noticed the odor of Cl and phosgene. # 8220 ; What is that odor # 8221 ; he asked Poole. # 8220 ; Prob # 8217 ; ly chlorine # 8221 ; Poole replied. 11The usage of Cl gas was truly used chiefly by the Germans and it was the first clip the usage of gas at such a big graduated table was used. Robert besides described the work forces he and Poole were stuck with in the trench. 12One adult male, Devlin, said he was an creative person. He went through the war roll uping stained glass from churches, and portrayals of Jesus and the Virgin Mary. Another adult male had kept coneies, birds, porcupines, and frogs. Robert made it look as though these work forces were brainsick. He besides described the sum of deceases, which occur during a few conflicts. 13The first dark Robert really fell asleep, which was the forenoon of the 28th of February at 4 ante meridiem the Germans set off land mines at St. Eloi Salient. It lasted five yearss and 30,000 work forces would decease, yet non an inch of land had been gained. Many conflicts like these have been fought in the war such as The conflict of Somme, and the conflict of Ypres which Robert makes a little mention to. Besides the trenches described are besides described precisely how they truly were. # 8220 ; The war to stop all wars # 8221 ; was clearly proven incorrect in the hereafter. It seems as though all the combat that the soldiers did was for nil but to derive back land which was already the same state # 8217 ; s land. The immature soldiers were ambitious to contend for their state so they did non waver to enlist into the ground forces. Parents, instructors and other theoretical account figures taught the teenagers/children the incorrect thing. Not to contend for pride, or for going a hero, or even for your state, but contending to seek to remain alive one time you have already enlisted. Both supporters clearly show the manner they lived during the war, and their misconceptions of it.

The Apostle Paul Had Four Missionary Journeys. These Journeys Are Resp

The Apostle Paul had four missionary journeys. These journeys are responsible for the spread of Christianity and created many churches throughout countries of the Mediterranean. On his first journey, Barnabas, Saul, and Mark, church leaders, accompanied Paul travel to the island of Cyprus and parts of Asia Minor. Paul would preach the gospel and start many churches. His journey started in the city of Seleucia and concluded in Antioch of Syria. The first missionary journey was around the year of 46-48 AD. After separating with Barnabas from a disagreement they had, Paul chose Silas, a Christianity follower, to accompany him on his second missionary journey. They traveled north to Asia Minor. Their goal for this journey was not to start churches, but to encourage the existing churches to have strong faith in Christ. The young Timothy, another Christianity follower, joined Paul and Silas in Lystra. The Apostles journeyed to Macedonia, and in the city of Philippi, Paul and Silas were imprisoned. On Paul's third missionary journey, the apostle traveled to Ephesus and holds a revival at the church. In Ephesus, Paul preached to the people about the Holy Spirit. He also went to Macedonia to visit the troubled church in Corinth. This church had a problem about turning away from God. He stayed there for three months preaching and teaching the gospel. Paul's fourth voyage was to Rome and this voyage was about to fulfill God's plan. Since he was jailed in Jerusalem and Caesarea, the apostle appealed to Caesar and was sent to Rome. When he arrived at Rome, he would preach to the Roman guards from his imprisoned room and would also write several letters to the churches in Asia Minor. As years went by, he was set free and still preached the gospel to people, but didnt travel as much.

buy custom Hiroshima and Nagasaki essay

buy custom Hiroshima and Nagasaki essay The decision made by the U.S. to drop atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima at the end of the Second World War remains one of the extremely controversial issues in Japanese history (Compton 2002, p. 54). Pellegrino (2010, p. 15) indicates that the bombing of these cities is the only documented event where atomic weapons have been used in any war. It is regrettable to note that this event that was conducted at the order of Harry S. Truman, the then U.S. President, resulted in an enormous loss of lives and property. Grachev (2011, P. 10) notes that on August 1945, the entire world dramatically entered into the atomic age without any prior precedent or warning, as one of the American plane dropped a nuclear bomb on the city of Hiroshima, killing more than 90,000 people on the spot. After three days, another atomic strike was made on Nagasaki, killing more than 37,000 people and injuring thousands of other innocent civilians. It is notable that between these two b ombings, the U.S. was joined by the Soviet Russia in a war against Japan, thus breaking the non-aggression treaty made between the Soviet Russia and Tokyo. By doing this, Japanese forces were extremely weakened, thus contributing to an easy attack on the city of Nagasaki. According to the Hiroshima health department, it is approximated that of all the those people who died during that day of explosion, at least 59 % died from the flame or flash burns, 25% from the falling debris, while the rest from other notable causes resulting from the explosion (Compton, 2002, p. 50). During the subsequent months after the bombing, a large number of innocent civilians died from radiation sicknesses or effects of burns among other causes. As a result of this enormous devastation, Japan was forced to surrender to its allies, a factor which led to the end of the Second World War. Based on the above facts, the United States was not justified in dropping bombs on Nagasaki and Hiroshima due to the sho rt and long-term health as well as social-economic and political effects, which continues to hinder the development of Japan. It is notable that up until the early 1960s, there was a predominant view that the United States was fully justified to use nuclear bombs against the Japanese (Compton 2002, p. 50). In most parts of the world, people accepted at face value that leaders from the U.S. had established that Japan would not surrender in the foreeeable future, a factor that could have further resulted in deaths of more Japanese civilians and U.S. solders. They claim that the total human cost associated with the bombing was the ultimate price which had to be paid by the Japanese. This was in order to avoid the possibility of more losses of lives had the United States invaded the home island in Japan (Compton 2002, p. 53). As argued by Grachev (2011, P. 10), saving the lives of the Japanese was not the main goal of these two bombs. This was just used as a justification for the wrongs carried out against Japanese nationals and the rest of the world. To understand this concept, it is appropriate to realize the underlying reasons that led the U.S. to attack the two cities of Japan. First, the U.S. wanted to revenge due to the embarrassment they had faced at the Pearl Harbor, where the Japanese forces employed sneak method of attack on the U.S. forces. This was not the first instant when the Japanese forces had launched surprise attacks against the U.S. For instance, between 1904 and 1905, during the famous Russo-Japanese war, the Japanese forces were enormously hailed due to their innovative methods of attack (Compton 2002, p. 55). Based on their experiences, they were able to intelligently attack the American solders on the Pearl Harbor, thus defeating them. Secondly, there were many ongoing debates regarding the extent to which Roosevelt and the U.S. government knew about the attacks as well as the timing of breaking-off diplomatic negotiations by Japan (Grachev 2011, P. 10). Though the attack on the Pearl Harbor was technically impossible, this should not have been a great surprise that the Americas pacific Fleet would be attacked (Compton 2002, p.53). However, the techniques employed by Japan ultimately shocked as well as galvanized the American publics support towards the war. As a result, it meant that the level of public outcry towards the use of atomic bombs in Japanese cities would not invoke large public outcries (Compton 2002, p. 63). The other reason as to why the U.S. dropped atomic bombs in Nagasaki and Hiroshima was to demonstrate the power of the U.S. to the Soviet Union, who was their emerging rival (Compton 2002, p. 94). During the time of war with Japan, the United States had enormously indicated the range and power of the B-29 bomber. The B-29 bomber was responsible for the Tokyo bombings, which took place on March 10, 1945, killing more than 90,000 civilians (Pellegrino 2010, p. 15). During the Potsdam Conference, the U.S. president categorically indicated that they had adequate information from spies that Japan was not ready to give up in the war, a factor that accelerated the need for the U.S. to show off the real life power of its new weapons. This resulted in Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings on August 6th and 9th respectively. Further, the timing of these bombing was also accelerated by the rapid changing relationship between the USSR and the U.S. For instance, the SU (Soviet Union) had already declared war on Japan, three months prior to Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombing. As a result of this, the U.S. viewed the deteriorating situations that were developing in the European region, thus preferred not to face a similar situation in the Asian continent, thus, in Japan (Grachev 2011, P. 10). As argued by Compton (2002, p. 94), the strongest argument against the use of the atomic bombs on the cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima is the terrible nature exhibited by this kind of weapon. As seen in most memorials in these two cities, many people lost their lives, families, and properties among others things (Compton 2002, p. 77). Atomic bombs are well-known for high levels of radiations, such as x-ray radiations. As recently witnessed after the destruction of the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear plant in Japan, due to 8.0 earthquake, atomic radiation highly affects human beings and other animal in many aspects, hence, it should be avoided at all cost (Grachev 2011, P. 10). From the above information, it is clear that the bombing of the city of Nagasaki and Hiroshima was fully unjustified. The main aim of bombing the two cities was for the U.S. to show-off its military strength and to revenge for the defeat they encountered on the Pearl Harbor among other notable factors (Compton 2002, p. 58). As a result of this, many Japanese, especially those living in the affected cities, continue to face numerous health problems among other risks. In future, countries should seek for alternative ways of solving conflicts rather than engaging in war. Further, international and regional bodies, suck as the United Nations, should ensure that different countries adhere and respect all the policies and treatise that enhance international peace (Grachev 2011, P. 10). Buy custom Hiroshima and Nagasaki essay

PEMEX Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

PEMEX - Coursework Example The company comprises of four subsidiary entities that practices production, exploration, commercialization and transformation activities for natural gas and oil in the local and international markets (Blowfield, 2013; p. 67). The company also conducts refinery of crude oil and supplies petrochemicals on top of conducting business overseas via PMI Comercio Internacional. This paper explores the sustainability of the company in the global business with major focus on environmental sustenance and economic stability. The country has positioned to provide assurance of the distribution of primary energy products and has therefore input to considerable change and growth in Mexico. In order to guarantee that the company would proceed to contribute significantly to the development of the nation, the company created a business plan in 2010 where the strategies were approved. The government aims to transform and recognize the company as an efficient, safe, modern, profitable, sustainable, transparent and modern firm is set forward. Through the organization the government has established a business plan which is the result of an attempt to focus on the fundamental plans that deal with the major aspects integral to describe the course and objectives of the organization. The business plan can be summarized by the diagram below. In satisfying the company’s and government’s objectives the company has recognized four routes of actions with various specific strategies. These include the growth, corporate responsibility, efficiency and management modernization (Lourdes, 2012; p. 3). The society has so much expectations and attitudes towards the organization and its contribution to sustainability. As a major element of achievement, the society expects that the government through the company to transparently comprehend the effect of their activities at the economic, social and ecological

Consideration In Total Quality Environment Essay

Consideration In Total Quality Environment - Essay Example Consideration in a total quality environment is to take care of all employees. It is the duty of the leaders to take care of the needs of their subordinates and to keep them motivated at all levels of management. Consideration is considered very important as it is the key to keep up the spirits of the employees and makes them loyal to the organization. Giving employees a sense of belonging to the organization is very crucial in increasing productivity which in turn increases the sales and profit margins gradually (Gupta & Valarmathi, 178). For this very reason many scholars have formed various models in order to retrench employee motivation through extended consideration like the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory and Fredrick Herzberg’s motivator – hygiene factors theory. Consideration in the context of Total quality management needs to be implemented at all levels as in total quality control environments the quality of the productivity of all employees has to be in good health and furthermore enhanced. Consideration is not only to take care of employees needs but it also deals with providing them with a vision to work towards as without a given direction employees tend to feel alienated from the organization. To keep employees productive and satisfied they should not only be given monetary benefits but also a set of goals and tasks that have to be accomplished within a given amount of time. This helps the employees to be satisfied with their job as they feel that they are linked with the foremost working aspects of the organization (Wu?stenhagen, 228). Therefore consideration is one of the core elements in total quality management as without proper employee consideration leadership and management an organization will not be able to succeed the qualit y of its productivity, its services and its organization and/or production processes. Consideration is now given a priority even in the organizations which are far from the total quality concept as employees are the backbone and without a strong backbone an organization cannot succeed (Total Quality Management, 312). INITIATING STRUCTURE Initiating structure is to organize the order in which information flows within the levels of the organization and the accountability of an employee to its superior, in simpler context it means getting people organized. It is also the way in which a leader sets and creates expectations for their subordinates and holds the employees accountable. Organizational structure is very important as it is responsible for a smooth flow of decisions, duties, goals and information from the up to downstream of employees. All activities are allocated in the best way to achieve the strategies and objectives of the organization. Initiating structure is to lay down a foundation of operating procedures on which routine tasks are placed and organized. It also helps to define the importance of one individual over another through their position in the organization and also decides which individuals in the organization are responsible for decision making processes. Without a definite structure an organization is more likely to break apart. In a total quality environment it is important to see if the structure of the organization is prominent enough to give the employees a direction and understanding of how things are carried out and how tasks are performed. A lack in the initiation of structure will result in ambiguity of tasks and actions of the employees, noise in the information flow and eventually directly affect the productivity of all employees. Total quality management refers to the improvement of all aspects of the organization to improve productivity on the whole and so without proper initiation of structure the total quality management pri nciple holds no value. CONCLUSION There are two types of leaders one who give importance to consideration and others who consider initiation of structure more important than consideration. Moreover, in several research

Managerial Personality Essay Example for Free

Managerial Personality Essay The characteristics of a person’s personality determine his leadership capabilities. Leaders from around the world all have distinct characteristics which define their leadership style and abilities. In a corporate culture, these personality traits can be capitalized upon to direct an organization towards its goals and to do so requires an in depth understanding of the different styles of personality traits that define every individual. A grasp on this knowledge would allow any leader to have a huge impact on the culture and performance of an organization. An observation to be made is the leveraging of personality traits may be utilized in order to achieve corporate goals. To create a competitive advantage, management’s focus must be on cooperation and inspiration. A clear link exists between culture and performance, as shown by Mindy L. Hall (Hall, 2005.) A leader’s personality shapes the environment in which employees function, and can either inspire extraordinary results, or devastating outcomes. Hostile conditions in the workplace will cause anxiety, stress, lack of energy, disengagement, or high turnover. Subsequently, organizations with these issues experience a lower quality of output. This negatively affects the relationship between consumers and businesses, who may find the competition more appealing. A positive engagement between management and employees excite a higher level of performance. From this, a company experiences higher quality output and satisfied customers. A best way to manage a company doesn’t exist; it must be studied, understood, and honed to best match or shape the organization’s culture. The key issue to choosing the appropriate manager in any organization is appreciating what goals and desires are sought after. This report is focused primarily on management as leaders and employees as subordinates. However, it must be understood that subordinates can also play the role as leader in their own context, and it should be encouraged. For example, a group of four employees are assigned to a project. Among this group will emerge a leader who directs the mission to accomplish said assignment. Although this individual does not possess a management title he or she is still leading. That being stated, an organization must possess a deep understanding of its business culture, and employ these concepts when prospecting for competent employees and management. Furthermore, management can recognize certain personality traits among individuals in a team, and manipulate and combine them in a synergetic way. In general, the comprehension of the various personality traits can be used as a measurement of how an individual may respond and perform in an organization’s culture. However, there is much debate as to the extent to which personality can predict behavior, and the extent to which behavior arises from the dynamics of a given situation (Kendrick, Funder, 1991.) The key issues in a corporate context include the big five personality traits, Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs, attitude, and emotional intelligence. The Big Five Personality Traits General agreement exists among researchers regarding the big five personality traits. This model categorizes personalities into five distinct categories: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness. An understanding of these categories often referred to as OCEAN, gives insight to an individual’s underlying personality and how an individual would react in day to day operations of an organization. However, research has shown situational factors play a role in how individuals move between the two extremes of each personality factor. Each factor is a range of two extremes, which most individuals lie somewhere in between. Given this fact, the majority of decisions made by people are representative of their fundamental personality traits. Only when abnormal or extreme situations arise does an individual shift towards the extreme of either end on one or more factors. Managers seeking to create a winning team would do well to not only understand his own personality type, but also individual team member’s personality types. Intimate knowledge of each person among a group will allow for a more harmonious and efficient team effectively utilizing strengths and mitigating weaknesses. Attitude Attitudes of managers and employees contribute greatly to the working environment. An attitude is a collection of beliefs and feelings brought on by life experiences or learned from others, and a positive or negative analysis of one’s environment. Similar attitudes of a leader and a team can create a positive working environment that flows all the way down to the end consumer. Leaders of an organization who commit to reinforcing positive attitudes contribute to a successful business model. Individuals who are satisfied with the work environment make their duties a part of life, and commit skills and knowledge to drive progress of a business. A study conducted by MBA’s and one professor from India, (Tandon, Mishra, Singh, 2011,) explored the relationship between attitude and how an organization perceives its position in society. The study begins by stating that business behavior has both economic and relational impact. Over recent decades there have been significant changes in the social expectation from business and managers. This study found that one’s personal beliefs, values, and attitude drive commitment to social responsibility. In this writing social responsibility can be thought of as organizational commitment or responsibility. The study took a specific look into how spirituality, materialism, relativism, and idealism discriminate between high and low corporate social responsibility (CSR).The study conducted found idealism and spirituality to have a positive influence on CSR, and materialism and relativism had a negative or less of an influence. This implies that managers with more of a concern towards society’s beliefs and values, and less towards material things, will have a greater concern towards creating a positive internal working environment. Moreover, a manager with this attitude may push subordinates towards the same ideals, which create a more efficient environment. In contrast, materialistic and relativistic attitudes contributed negatively towards CSR. This suggests that individuals with these attitude types can create an environment where monetary gain and possession of assets are the only goal, and right and wrong is near irrelevant. This mentality can have a devastating effect on society’s perception of a corporation. Moreover, the connection between working peers can be non-existent, and coordination would lack causing inefficiency. A manager’s attitude can bring about the benefits of a positive working environment by keeping a positive attitude towards a given position in an organization. An attitude based on working towards an end goal, which produces the greatest good for society and a corporation, would be an ideal mentality for any organization. Attitudes contribute to a successful business model because individuals who are satisfied make their duties a part of life, and commit their skills and knowledge to driving the progress and success of the business. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a theory of human motivation based on increasing levels of needs. This theory suggests that human needs are fulfilled one at a time by accomplishing basic needs and proceeding upwards towards advanced needs. Although there is much debate as to the accuracy of these levels research has suggested a correlation between the fulfillment of these needs and happiness. Managers with an understanding of what level individuals in a team are on can manipulate motivation techniques to stimulate productivity and efficiency. Maslow’s hierarchy can be applied to compensation, job design, management techniques, or anything that requires a higher level of motivation. Maslow’s hierarchy is a systematic way of thinking about the different needs employees have at any given point and explains different reactions they may have to similar treatment (Carpenter, Bauer, Erdogan, 2009.) The definition provided implies that each individual perceives needs differently, and managerial techniques in this context must be applied more specifically. For example, two employees receive a raise after a massive project was finished. The first employee is satisfied with the raise because her safety, and subsequently her physiological, needs had been fulfilled. The second employee felt his needs had not been satisfied. His goal in finishing the project was to prove his worthiness as a manager. His intention through his hard work was to climb the corporate ladder. He was looking to fulfill his esteem and self-actualization needs. Physiological needs are satisfied through compensation, since a paycheck allows individuals to find nourishment, shelter, etc. Compensation can satisfy more than one need, however. Safety needs can be satisfied through benefits such as 401K, health plans, or paid time off. In many ways, compensation satisfies both physiological and safety needs. In addition, organizations must take in consideration the physical safety of employees. Managers have a duty to enforce safety precautions where working conditions may be hazardous. When a position requires employees to take physical risk an organization is expected to protect workers from unnecessary harm, and to compensate for the higher risk. When feelings of anxiety are low safety needs have been fulfilled. Social needs can be met through satisfactory social interaction with others in which there is interaction. The goal in satisfying this need is to cause individuals to feel accepted and loved. In a business context there must be a focus on acceptance over love. Creating a friendly environment is a great start to satisfying this need. Company sponsored games, events, holiday parties, and other social activities are great examples of how to socialize a staff. Also, team meetings where the staff can voice their concerns or ideas can allow team members to better understand each other. Esteem needs can be satisfied after one feels she has been accepted into a group. These needs can be fulfilled through recognition. It must be stressed that individuals enjoy being praised for their accomplishments, but praise only works for a limited amount of time. Managers must look to promote individuals with a high need for esteem. A raise in position and pay communicates an achieved status, and reinforces her ability to achieve corporate goals. Esteem needs lead into self-actualization. This need lies on the top of the hierarchical pyramid. Similar to fulfilling esteem needs, self- actualization can be met by giving an employee more responsibility, greater challenges, or more stimulating opportunities. Self-actualization is characterized by an individual having met all previous needs, and is now using his or her full potential and capabilities. Maslow’s hierarchy is important for organizations to apply. Humans are motivated by particular needs according to their current life situations and future goals. Furthermore, individual needs are in accordance with cultural backgrounds such as race, religion, or country of origin. It must also be noted that individuals are not always striving to fulfill the same needs. The needs model must be applied on an individual basis. Managers who realize their needs are being fulfilled can be used as a resource for understanding their subordinates needs, and act accordingly. When an organization applies this model to a workforce there is an increase in job satisfaction and loyalty. Emotional Intelligence Emotional intelligence is the ability to control extreme changes in mood and emotions, and is a characteristic of an effective and competent leader. When a manager cannot control temporary emotions that are brought on by day to day interactions it can bring an entire organizations progress to a halt. Emotions are contagious and create a domino effect. Simply realizing when a certain emotion is present allows one to better handle temporary emotional fluctuations, while containing it as to not affect others. That being said, it is of utmost importance for a manager to possess a deep understanding of his or her own emotions (self-awareness), and how to deal with each. An individual who is self-aware is humble enough to accept constructive criticism and mature enough to address the areas of concern. The impact of hiring individuals with high emotional intelligence is high productivity and retention of high-quality employees. Golnaz Sadri, PhD, defines E.I. as the ability to accurately perceive emotions, access and generate emotions so as to assist thought, to understand emotions and emotional knowledge, and to regulate emotions so as to promote emotional and intellectual growth, (Sadri, 2012.) The ability to accurately perceive emotions allows one to recognize facial and bodily gestures, and interpret their meaning. A manager who has this ability can intercept other’s cues, or tells, that signal irritability. This skill is recognized as constructive when dealing with scenarios such as a team who can’t come to an agreement, a irate client or customer, or when negotiating. For the most part, emotional intelligence is a learned skill, and an indicator of useful experience. Conclusion Manipulating strong personality traits and striving to improve negative personality traits can have a huge impact on a manager’s career, and more broadly can impact a corporation in tremendous ways. Today manager’s has access to information to help them maximize team productivity using psychology. Using psychological strategies to hire the right employees and build teams is the competitive edge companies need in this tough economic climate. REFERENCES Camgoz, S., Karan, M., Ergeneli, A. (2011). Part II Leadership, Social Capital, and Personality: Relationship Between The Big Five Personality and The Financial Performance of Fund Managers. 15, p139 Carpenter, M., Bauer, T., Erdogan, B. (2009). Need-Based Theory of Motivation. In Principles Of Management (10th ed., p14.1) Hall, M. (2005). Shaping Organizational Culture: A Practitioner’s Perspective. 2(1), p1-16 Kendrick, D. T., Funder , D. C. (1991). Situation versus Personality Debate. Retrieved from http://wilderdom.com/personality/L6-3SituationVsPersonality.html McCrae, R., Costa, P. (1995). Domains and Facets: Hierarchal Personality Assessment Using The Revised NEO Personality Inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 64(1), p23 Pannapacker, W. (2012, April 15). Screening Out The Introverts. The Chronicle. Sadri, G. (2012). Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Development. 41(3), p536 Tandon, A., Mishra, S., Singh, E. (2011). What Discriminates The Prospective Manager’s Attitude Towards Corporate Social Responsibility? 10(3), p54-60 Whitbourne , S. K. (2010, October 19). The Neuroticism Paradox | Psychology Today.Psychology Today: Health, Help, Happiness. Retrieved from http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/fulfillment-any-age/201010/the-neuroticis m-paradox Witt, L.A., Andrews, M.C. (2006). The Predisposition to Engage in Interpersonal Deviance at Work. pHR-F2

The Ghost Of Hamlet’s Father Essay -- Essays on Shakespeare Hamlet

The Ghost Of Hamlet’s Father  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   What would Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet, be like without the character of the Ghost? The drama simply wouldn’t BE! The Ghost, though not a human character in most senses of the word, is crucial for the development of the play. This essay will analyze this interesting character.    The ghost’s apparition has deep significance. It touches the very spiritual underpinnings of the Denmark state. Frank Kermode in â€Å"Hamlet† explores the spiritual dimension of this spectral visit:    But meanwhile the ghost – â€Å"this thing† – has appeared. (Horatio as skeptic raises questions as to its status which could have been avoided.) There has been speculation as to its purpose, but one thing seems sure: it has to do with the state of the nation – it   â€Å"bodes some strange eruption to our state† – and with the armaments drive now in progress under the threat from Norway. That it genuinely has to do with the state of the nation – its spiritual rather than its merely political state – we shall learn; and to give us a â€Å"musical’ sense that this is so, there is the unexpected speech about Christmas (1138).    Let it be said that the Ghost makes his appearance even before the drama has begun. Marchette Chute in â€Å"The Story Told in Hamlet† describes the ghost’s activity prior to the opening scene of Shakespeare’s tragedy:    The story opens in the cold and dark of a winter night in Denmark, while the guard is being changed on the battlements of the royal castle of Elsinore. For two nights in succession, just as the bell strikes the hour of one, a ghost has appeared on the battlements, a figure dressed in complete armor and with a face like that of the dead king of Denmark, Hamlet’s father. A... ...: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Excerpted from Stories from Shakespeare. N. p.: E. P. Dutton, 1956.    Edwards, Philip. â€Å"The Ghost: Messenger from a Higher Court of Values?† Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from Introduction to Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Ed. Philip Edwards. N. P.: Cambridge University P., 1985.    Kermode, Frank. â€Å"Hamlet.† The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974.    Mack, Maynard. â€Å"The World of Hamlet.† Yale Review. vol. 41 (1952) p. 502-23. Rpt. in Shakespeare: Modern Essays in Criticism. Rev. ed. Ed. Leonard F. Dean. New York: Oxford University P., 1967.    Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html No line nos.      

Senior Citizens

Over the past few years, with the help of modern technology, people have obtained access to virtually anything they desire at the simple click of a mouse button. Now, information can be accessed through various websites without having to visit a library, go to a store, a friend’s or relative’s home, or even travel agencies. The Internet is for all people- regardless of age, race, ethnic background, class, or religion. When it comes to marketers and which strategies will be most effective and efficient to become a successful website, every product in the market is geared towards a specific target group, regularly based on demographics. Whether it is where a person lives, their marital status, age, or occupation, marketers try to target one particular area where they feel that their product will be benefited the most and where profits will be most generated for the business. One particular area that has been expanding not only in website visitations but also in new website formations is the senior citizen age group. Now, seniors are the fastest growing audience on the Internet. What is more interesting is the fact that they put their money where their â€Å"mouse† is. This age group’s frequent use of the Internet is absolutely amazing and unbelievable. There are hundreds and hundreds of websites designed to be most suitable or more geared for this target group. The websites are specifically designed to meet the needs of older adults about the ages of 60 and above, and grandparents. It does not steer towards a certain economic or religious class. The majority of these websites provide much information on healthcare, health issues that affect them, relationships, money, news, entertainment, and childcare. Part1B- Competitive Analysis Under the top 10 most popular sites for â€Å"www.seniorcitizens.com†, I chose the top four websites to analyze the areas in order to compare and contrast where www.seniorgold.com is strong and where it needs some work. The first site is called www.senior.com. Like any website, it will have many strengths and weaknesses. Allow me to discuss this website’s strengths first. The page was downloaded quite easily, with no error messages to refresh the page. Overall, the designs of the pages are colorful and have very clear graphics. The text is very clear without being too wordy and misleading. The home page also has a search engine that allows the user to quickly find what he/she is looking for. In addition, it has a large variety of topics to choose from with easily accessible features. This website does contain a vertical and horizontal scroll bar on its homepage which makes the first impression for users a tedious one. It becomes very frustrating when someone has to keep scrolling up and down to search any information. The contents on the homepage of a website should be clear, brief, and concise allowing you to link to it if more information is what is desired of the user. Another weakness would include the arrangement of topics on the homepage. They begin with serious news that then descends down to tacky, irrelevant links. Although the content of the text itself is clear, it looks all jumbled up, busy, and confusing. In order to be simple, and to the point, the topics should become more condensed, including the amount of links it has. Compared to www.seniorgold.com, this website is more visually appealing to the eye. It appears to be more youthful through the use of cartoon characters and bold color schemes. The second website, www.elderweb.com, has tab links at the top of the homepage which allows the user to click on the tab which is relevant without having to search endless rows of subcategories to see which one applies to their information search. There are no distracting side links that allows the user to choose to read the information or simply click on where they wish to go on the site. Unlike www.senior.com, the page is very consecutive with the stories and features. The current headlines are brief and to the point. And, each headline gives the user a good sense of what each story is about without getting too wordy or redundant. There aren’t any banner ads that enable the user to concentrate more on his/her search without being distracted. One feature that I felt was quite important (especially since it is geared toward an older age group) was a button right on the home page that says, â€Å"Increase Text Size†. This is one feature that I had never seen on any of the other websites for senior citizens. This is an important feature because, unfortunately, there are many senior citizens that do have visual impairments, and by using this feature, it facilitates their use of the website. A weakness that this website had was that it contained the same dull format and style throughout the whole website. The uninteresting graphics were all the same no matter which link you clicked on to view. The use of mute colors did not make this website very visually stimulating or appealing. This site also had a scroll bar, which, again, made the layout of the page seem very busy and unorganized. This was the first senior website that did not have a search engine located anywhere. So, if you wanted some information, regardless of how consecutive or concise the text and layout may appear, you would not be able to simply type in what you were looking for to search. Compared to www.seniorgold.com, Elderweb has a very dull appearance. It looks very plain and old fashioned. It seems as though this site is geared more towards seniors that have a more traditional or conservative way of thinking. They prefer simplicity (i.e. light, dull colors, same graphics, etc) over complexity (i.e. bold/bright colors, cartoons, modern graphics, etc). The third website, www.thirdage.com, I would have to say is the best website for senior citizens-conservative and avant-garde. It contains a great color scheme of white and a soft green with no overwhelming or any dull graphic design. It does not have too many divertive banner ads. The search engine appears on every screen for easy access. It has a modern, strong homepage that is visually appealing with more interesting topics and subcategories geared more towards advice and different lifestyle levels. This page does have a scroll down bar which could have been easily prevented by filling in the right side with that information. The whole right side is completely blank. This should have been used to condense the homepage without having to scroll down. Editorially, this page is not set up well. It has many scattered features, which makes everything look disjointed. The pictures all depict a youthful, healthy person. Obviously, the illustrations, which seem unrealistic, are not very reflective of their target audience. Measured up to www.seniorgold.com, this website is more appealing visually. The topics are not as condensed or as easily accessible as that of the one referenced above. And lastly, www.1travel.com, is the website which I felt was least relevant to senior citizens. It may have special discounts for them, however, on the homepage, it is not mentioned at all that any senior citizen discounts exist. This means that if there are any discounts, the user has to go searching for it. It is not easily accessible from it’s main page. It does not indicate at all that this site is geared toward senior citizens. It is another website to make travel/car/hotel reservations. Why not visit any other travel websites that could probably give better bargains? A good feature on this website includes easy search methods (several search engines for each category). Also, the layout is immediate, it is in your face and very easy to gain access to. It contains excellent searching options and subcategories along with any questions with regard to the user’s travel needs. The layout of it has very basic colors- not too bold, yet not too boring either and there aren’t many banner ads in this page. This website does contain vertical and horizontal scroll bars. The graphical layout overwhelms the text. The site seems to appear very busy, too wordy, or too much text perhaps. The text is also not very concise it seems scattered everywhere and is extremely redundant with several topics (ie FAQ’s, etc). Part1C-Site Analysis Seniorgold.com makes information searching very obtainable through the use of its shortcuts, word searches and options located on the left of the homepage layout. The layout is very colorful. The drop down menus are very resourceful in enabling the user to find what he/she is looking for without having to search the whole website to find it. However, this site has a few weaknesses as well. One includes the busy-looking and visually unclear graphics. The site looks too full of activity with banner ads whose color schemes clash with the site’s design. Another important thing to note about this site is that it is outdated! I couldn’t help but notice that on the home page of this site it still had the link to: â€Å"Thanksgiving Preparation†. We’re in December!!! Websites that are not updated lose the interest and use of their web visitors. It is crucial for web page designers to keep their websites up-to-date with any new events. Users may see this and see it a site deficiency. Part2A-Drive More Traffic To This Site I would recommend that the website changed its design layout. It should have a color scheme that compliments the text. The use of the drop down menus is very clear and concise. However it should concentrate on condensing the home page (it’s three pages long!). One way of driving traffic to the site is to create banner ads for other senior citizen sites, as well as for nursing home sites, parenting sites, travel sites, and recreational activity sites. What could also be done is to pay major Internet servers such as America Online, Yahoo, MSN, etc. for keyword bidding, Part 2B-Create A Stronger Community Among WWW.Seniorgold.Com Site Members I believe that this web site has a strong community as long as the above changes are made. This website does provide recreational activities such as casino resort trips and other activities that they could consider joining. Another addition may include the access to play games. For example, Bingo is a recreational game that senior citizens are notorious for. Another feature that I believe is important in creating a strong community is the chat rooms. Senior citizens, since retirement or death of a loved one, feel a little lonely at times. I feel this is a great opportunity for them to communicate with other people without spending money. This website does have chat rooms. My experience of trying to enter a chat room, became well, quite discouraging. Under â€Å"Directory Word Search† I typed in â€Å"chat†. Once I got to the next page, it did not take me to any chat rooms or choice from various ones. Instead, it took me to a page where I could find out where my roots come from!!! After scrolling down almost to the bottom of the page, I found a link to chat and clicked on it. I never reached a chat room. The website needs to create word searches that facilitate the search, not make it more difficult. In addition to chat rooms, I think it should develop a variety of rooms where people can interconnect discussing similar hobbies such as golf, or crocheting, etc. Senior citizens need a sense of community and what best way to do it than by helping them find other people who feel the same!

Judicial Method in a Lawless Person Case Essay - 705 Words

The judicial method in a lawless person case differs from a municipal case in several significant ways. At the beginning of a federal criminal case, the primary actors are the U.S. attorney (the prosecutor) and the impressive committee. The U.S. attorney comprises the joined States in most court proceedings, encompassing all lawless person prosecutions. The impressive committee reconsiders clues presented by the U.S. advocate and concludes if there is sufficient evidence to need a defendant to stand test. After a individual is apprehended, a pretrial services or probation officer of the court directly interviews the defendant and conducts an investigation of the defendants backdrop. The data got by the pretrial services or probation†¦show more content†¦In most felony cases the judge waits for the outcomes of a presentence report, prepared by the courts probation agency, before imposing sentence. If the defendant pleads not guilty, the referee will advance to schedule a test. Criminal cases encompass a limited allowance of pretrial discovery proceedings similar to those in municipal situations, with substantial restrictions to protect the persona of government informants and to prevent intimidation of observers. The lawyers furthermore may document motions, which are requests for rulings by the court before the trial. For example, protecting against lawyers often document a shift to suppress clues, which inquires the court to omit from the trial clues that the defendant believes was obtained by the government in violation of the defendants legal privileges. In a lawless person trial, the problem of verification is on the government. Defendants do not have to prove their innocence. rather than, the government must supply clues to assure the committee of the defendants guilt. 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Article 14 ensures that all citizens are equal and that no person shall be discriminated on the basis of religion, sex, race or place of birth, finally it ensures that there is separation of power between the three wings of the government, the executive and the legislature have no influence on the judiciary. By these methods, the constitution fulfils all theRead MoreApplication Of Rule Of Law Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pagesexecutive action by stating that no person shall be deprived of his life or liberty except in accordance with the procedure established by law. Article 14 ensures that all citizens are equal and that no person shall be discriminated on the basis of religion, sex, race or place of birth, finally it ensures that there is separation of power between the three wings of the government, the executive and the legislature have no influence on the judiciary. 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Yet we know that this is not the case as history has plainly shown us that left to our own devices the human race can be a cruel, lawless bunch. However, it would seem that this is untrue for everyone because some people behave appropriately with or withoutRead MoreIss 225 John Molloy Final Exam Study Guide Fall Semester 20128139 Words   |  33 PagesAuthority and lecture materials presented November 5th –December 6th. THE COURTS Why is it said that the U.S. has a dual court system? There is a federal judicial system and 50 state court systems. What is the meaning of the concept of jurisdiction? A court has the right to hear a particular type of case. What is the meaning of the doctrine of â€Å"presumption of validity?† Courts must assume that, unless the burden of the evidence is clearly to the contrary, legislaturesRead MoreThe Exclusionary Rule4522 Words   |  19 Pagesspecifically to protect citizens from illegal searches and seizures: â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.† [1] The exclusionary rule excludes evidence that was collected from an illegal search fromRead MoreFreedom Of Religion : Establishment Clause2428 Words   |  10 Pages1st Amendment Freedom of Religion: Establishment Clause Court Case Significance Everson v. Board of Education (1947) A law created in New Jersey compensated parents who sent their children to public or catholic school on the public bus transportation. It was challenged and thought it was going against the Establishment Clause which prohibits the government to make any law in favor of a religion, but Justice Black said that any sort of events like riding the bus to a catholic place or protecting itRead MoreArticle II: Declaration of Principles and State Policies16349 Words   |  66 Pagesaright-conferring provision because it speaks of â€Å"the right of the people† PRINCIPLES Section 1. The Philippines is a democratic and republican State. Sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from them. A state is a community of persons more or less numerous permanently occupying a definite portion of territory independent of external control and possessing an organized government to which a body of inhabitants render habitual obedience. Four requirements for a government: †¢PeopleRead MoreEssay on The Russian Mob4523 Words   |  19 Pagesproduced a situation in which shareholders had their interests â€Å"watered down by shares issued without their knowledge or consent† and were â€Å"denied even the basic rights of ownership† through violence and intimidation (Webster, 2000, 38). With these methods, organized crime grew in power and graft. In addition, the constitutional and criminal code concerning privatization and taxation were left vague (Webster, 2000, 44). This allowed the Russian mafia to infiltrate the new financial opportunities afforded